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Drill Bit Size Calculator — Screw Pilot Holes

Find the correct drill bit size for screws, dowels, and pilot holes in wood.

The gauge number stamped on the screw box

Denser woods need larger pilot holes

Determines whether countersinking is needed

How We Calculate This

Pilot hole sizes depend on screw gauge and wood type. Hardwood needs larger pilot holes than softwood because it is denser and more likely to split.

  • Pilot hole: Slightly smaller than the screw root diameter
  • Clearance hole: Matches the screw shank diameter
  • Countersink: Matches the screw head diameter
  • Pilot depth: Screw length minus top piece thickness

Frequently Asked Questions

Last updated: February 2026

All calculations are estimates. Always verify measurements and material quantities before cutting or purchasing.